RESUMO
El síndrome de hipersensibilidad a anticomiciales es una reacción adversa grave e impredecible, inicialmente descrita con antiepilépticos aromáticos, como la carbamacepina, la fenitoína y el fenobarbital. Suele caracterizarse por presencia de fiebre, eosinofilia, erupción cutánea y afectación de uno o más órganos internos. No existen criterios diagnósticos ni normas de tratamiento claramente establecidos. Es necesario un alto índice de sospecha para identificar esta entidad como un verdadero síndrome, suspender precozmente el fármaco implicado y evitar nuevas exposiciones. A continuación comunicamos un ilustrativo caso clínico y revisamos la literatura médica publicada (AU)
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is an unpredictable, potentially fatal drug reaction to aromatic anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine, phenytoin and phenobarbital. The hallmark features include fever, eosinophilia, rash and involvement of one or more internal organs. Clearly established diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines are lacking. A high index of suspicion is required to identify this syndrome, allowing early withdrawal of the drug and avoiding re-exposure. We report an illustrative case of anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome and review the published literature (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/diagnóstico , Anticonvulsivantes/efeitos adversos , Ganglioneuroma/complicações , Epilepsia/tratamento farmacológico , Epilepsia/etiologiaRESUMO
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is an unpredictable, potentially fatal drug reaction to aromatic anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine, phenytoin and phenobarbital. The hallmark features include fever, eosinophilia, rash and involvement of one or more internal organs. Clearly established diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines are lacking. A high index of suspicion is required to identify this syndrome, allowing early withdrawal of the drug and avoiding re-exposure. We report an illustrative case of anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome and review the published literature.
